The social condition of the Indian in the twenty-first century: an analysis of the indigenous question in Brazilian dependent capitalism
Name: TAÍS CANGUSSU GALVÃO ALVES
Publication date: 23/03/2016
Summary: This work is an effort to address indigenous issues in Brazil from a critical perspective of political economy. Therefore, it avoids, the current approaches to the subject, which hegemonically depart from Anthropological / ethnological studies to understand the problems faced by indigenous peoples. Our theoretical basis is the Marxist theory of dependence, which, in dialogue with other productions gives us an investigative path rich in elements for understanding the Latin American particularities as determinations of the totality of social relations under the aegis of the capitalist mode of production. At the same time, the particularities of the indigenous matter and, more specifically, its settings in the Brazilian reality are still treated in a very incipient form from the perspective that we propose, which has become a major challenge in the course of this work. Still, the critical theory is the one that enabled us to address indigenous issues beyond itself, as a decisive and determined part of the inherent contradictions in bourgeois sociability and its particularities in the Brazilian reality, as a result of social economic process and part, therefore, of the so-called social question". It is from this understanding that we can move forward in the study that has the objective to understand the indigenous issue in the current conformation of the Brazilian dependent capitalism and which is rooted in the land expropriation process and exploitation of labor, mediated by a lot of violence. Knowing that the confrontation of the ills, of the violation of rights and of the genocide of indigenous peoples, require an immediate action, actions that intend and give visibility to the struggle of these people for survival and social reproduction, we understand that only strengthening the fight itself, in line with the coping of the contradictions that pose as an "issue" can trace to the indigenous peoples the possibility of a future existence.
